Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA DNA A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells.Pulmonary Function TestsĪll blotting techniques use electrophoresis, which involves using an electrical field to separate molecules. The distinction between gamma rays and x-rays is based on their radiation source. The short wavelength end of the x-ray spectrum overlaps the gamma rays wavelength range. Soft x-rays or grenz rays are less energetic and longer in wavelength. Hard x-rays are the higher energy, shorter wavelength x-rays. X-ray wavelengths range from 1 pm to 10 nm. X-ray X-ray Penetrating electromagnetic radiation emitted when the inner orbital electrons of an atom are excited and release radiant energy.The various Ig classes are IgG (the most abundant), IgM, IgE, IgD, and IgA, which differ in their biologic features, structure, target specificity, and distribution. Probe Probe A device placed on the patient’s body to visualize a target Ultrasound (Sonography)Īntibodies Antibodies Immunoglobulins (Igs), also known as antibodies, are glycoprotein molecules produced by plasma cells that act in immune responses by recognizing and binding particular antigens. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. RNA RNA A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine). Eastern (rarely used in clinical setting)Ĭharacteristics of Southern, Northern, and Western blots TechniqueĭNA DNA A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells.Detection with a labeled probe Probe A device placed on the patient’s body to visualize a target Ultrasound (Sonography).The specific sequence of amino acids determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during protein folding, and the function of the protein. Acid-Base Balance and proteins Proteins Linear polypeptides that are synthesized on ribosomes and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. An extension of the term includes substances dissolved in media other than water. Students: Educators’ Pro Tips for Tough Topicsīlotting is an investigative technique used to detect and identify macromolecules, such as nucleic acids Acids Chemical compounds which yield hydrogen ions or protons when dissolved in water, whose hydrogen can be replaced by metals or basic radicals, or which react with bases to form salts and water (neutralization).Maternity Nursing and Care of the Childbearing Family.This online MCAT prep course, offers the best audio learning experience and is a great addition to our MCAT Prep App. MCAT Go is browser based which means you can access it on any device. Western blot is for separating proteins and this can also be used to quantify gene expression. This is often used to quantify gene expression. Northern blot is for separating RNA molecules. This is often used for genotyping different organisms. Now real quick southern blot is used to separate DNA. So you can see the Snow… Drop for memorizing these molecular biology techniques. SNOW DROP is for helping you to memorize the different types of blotting techniques on the MCAT. Today we have an MCAT biology mnemonic for you, and it’s for molecular biology techniques. My name is Ken and I’m an MCAT expert with MedSchoolCoach. Welcome back to another MCAT Mnemonic Monday. Ken Tao is the MedSchoolCoach expert on MCAT, and helps you remember Southern blot, Northern blot, and Western blot with the acronym: Snow Drop.
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